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法官裁决民事和刑事案件，同时在法律法庭主持法官。法官负责联邦和省级法院。
Judges adjudicate civil and criminal cases and administer justice in courts of law. Judges preside over federal and provincial courts.
## 4111 法官头衔范例 Example Titles
* 英国高等法院法官 Court of Queen's Bench justice
* 最高法院法官 Supreme Court justice
* 终审法院首席法官 chief justice
* 县法院法官 county court judge
* 地区法院法官 district court judge
* 家庭法院法官 family court judge
* 联邦审判法官 federal trial court justice
* 省法院上诉法官 provincial court of appeal justice
* 小额索偿法庭法官 small claims court judge
* 上级法院法官 superior court justice
## 4111 法官主要职责 Main duties
法官执行部分或全部下列职责：Judges perform some or all of the following duties:
* 主持法院，解释和执行议事规则，对有关证据的可接受性作出裁决
Preside over courts of law, interpret and enforce rules of procedure and make rulings regarding the admissibility of evidence
* 法律适用的情况下，指导陪审团
Instruct the jury on laws that are applicable to the case
* 权衡并考虑非陪审团审判的证据，裁定法律上有罪或无罪或被告人的赔偿责任程度
Weigh and consider evidence in non-jury trials and decide legal guilt or innocence or degree of liability of the accused or defendant
* 在刑事案件中被定罪的人判刑，并确定在民事案件中的损害赔偿或其他适当的补救方案
Pass sentence on persons convicted in criminal cases and determine damages or other appropriate remedy in civil cases
* 准予离婚并分配配偶之间的资产
Grant divorces and divide assets between spouses
* 确定争夺的父母和其他监护人之间的儿童监护权
Determine custody of children between contesting parents and other guardians
* 执行法庭命令以访问或支持
Enforce court orders for access or support
* 监督其他法官和法院人员。
Supervise other judges and court officers.
* 法官可能会专注于特定的法律领域，如民事，刑事或家庭法。
Judges may specialize in particular areas of law such as civil, criminal or family law.
## 4111 法官任职要求 Employment requirements
* 作为一名律师或具有律师协会连续会员身份的法学教授，通常需要丰富的经验。
Extensive experience as a lawyer or as a professor of law with continuous membership in the bar association is usually required.
* 必需具备省或地区的法律社会或律师协会的良好信誉的会员资格。
Membership in good standing with a provincial or territorial law society or bar association is required.
* 法官由联邦或省级内阁委任。
Judges are appointed by federal or provincial cabinets.
* 任命为法院更高级职位的法官，如首席大法官，通常具有在该法院任法官的经验。
Those appointed to more senior positions in a court, such as chief justice, usually have experience as judges in that court.
## 4111 法官其他分类 Classified elsewhere
* 行政法庭法官（政府管理者 - 卫生和社会政策的制定和计划管理） Administrative tribunal judges (in [0411](0411) Government managers - health and social policy development and program administration )
* 公民法庭法官（法院人员和治安法官） Citizenship court judges (in [1227](1227) Court officers and justices of the peace )
* 太平绅士（法院人员和治安法官） Justices of the Peace (in [1227](1227) Court officers and justices of the peace )
## 4111 法官职称头衔 All titles
* 行政法官 administrative judge
* 上诉法庭法官 appellate court judge
* 联营公司首席大法官 associate chief justice
* 终审法院首席法官 chief justice
* 县法院法官 county court judge
* 县法官 county judge
* 英国最高法院法官 Court of Queen's Bench justice
* 副法官 deputy justice
* 区和替代法院法官 district and surrogate court judge
* 地区法院法官 district court judge
* 家庭法院法官 family court judge
* 联邦法院法官 federal court justice
* 联邦最高法院大法官 - 审判庭 federal court justice – trial division
* 联邦上诉法院法官 Federal Court of Appeal justice
* 联邦审判法官 federal trial court justice
* 法官 - 法 judge – law
* 法官 justice
* 少年法庭法官 juvenile court judge
* 裁判法院法官 magistrate court judge
* 遗嘱检验法庭法官 probate court judge
* 省法院法官 provincial court judge
* 省法院上诉法官 provincial court of appeal justice
* 省最高法院法官 provincial supreme court justice
* 陪审法官 puisne judge
* 小额索偿法庭法官 small claims court judge
* 上级法院公正 superior court justice
* 最高法院司法 Supreme Court justice
* 加拿大最高法院法官 Supreme Court of Canada justice
* 税务法庭法官 Tax Court judge
* 审判法庭法官 trial court judge
* 少年法庭法官 youth court judge
